Lesson 65: 'Nothing else', 'Another time', everybody, my, yours, his and more!
In this lesson we'll cover a multitude of those little phrases that add life to sentences and sometimes are the vital glue!
So far we've learnt a few small words like:
 Spanish |  English |
|---|---|
| Nada | Nothing |
| Nadie | No one |
| Más | More |
And we've already seen that these words can be used to make words, as it were
- 'Más' - "More"
- 'Tarde' - "late"
Put them together and ...
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Mas tarde | Later |
There's more of this to come!
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Nadie más | Nobody else (Nobody more) |
| Nada más | Nothing else (Nothing more) |
And remember the double negative is perfectly fine!
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| No comí nada más | I don't eat anything else |
| ¿No comiste nada más? | Didn't you eat anything else? |
Ver (Past tense, dot in the past) recap
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Vi | I saw |
| Vió | He saw |
| Viste | You saw (informal) |
| Vimos | We saw |
| Vieron | They saw |
| ¿No me viste anoche? | Didn't you see me last night? |
'Vez' - "time"
''Vez' means "time" in certain senses like "another time (again)" or "one time" and it is feminine.
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Una vez | One time |
| Lo vi una vez | I saw him once |
| Los vieron una vez | They saw them once |
| Una vez más | One more time (again) |
| Quiero verlos una vez más | I want to see them one more time (again) |
'Otros' - "Others"
One word that is probably burned into your mind by now is 'Nosotros' - "We". It's made up of 'nos' which we have already seen widely used to mean "Us" and 'otros' which means "others".
So from now on each time you see 'Nosotros' just consider that and you'll never forget the word for "others".
It also acts like most other describing words which means that if you take the 's' off the end you will end up with 'otro' - "other" and "another".
And because it ends in 'o' you already know that if we were talking about feminine things we would change this for 'a'
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Otra vez | Another time (again) |
| Quiero verlos otra vez | I want to see them again |
So let's try this all in a longer sentence - "Did you go out to dance again?"
- "Did you go out" - 'Saliste'
- "to dance" - 'a bailar'
- "again" - 'otra vez'
Note that 'a' before 'bailar' because it is a motion verb.
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| ¿Saliste a bailar otra vez? | Did you go out to dance again? |
... and let's practice some more ...
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| ¿Llegaste tarde otra vez? | Did you arrive late again? |
| Llegó tarde a mi casa otra vez | He arrived late to my house again |
| Llegó a mi casa otra vez queriendo hablar conmigo | He arrived at my house again wanting to speak with me |
So we have 'mi casa' - "my house" - and 'tu casa' - "your house" which we can remember through the popular Spanish phrase:
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Mi casa es tu casa | My house is your house |
'A qué hora' - "At what time?"
Another very useful phrase to know in everyday life.
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| ¿A qué hora llegaron a tu casa? | At what time did they arrive at your house? |
'A la vez' - "At the same time"
We saw earlier that we could say 'todo los días' to mean "All the days" - so 'todo' means "all". 'Todos' means "everybody" because its really a work backwards from 'todo el mundo' - ("All the world"). Add the 's' on the end and you get "everybody".
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Todos llegaron a mi casa a la vez | Everybody arrived at my house at the same time |
Now if you've been learning Spanish elsewhere you might be thinking "What's wrong with 'al mismo tiempo' which can be easier to remember:
- 'al' should be 'a el' ("at the") but these are always merged together.
- 'mismo is "same"
- 'tiempo is "time"
... and actually there is nothing wrong with it at all, just that 'a la vez' is shorter and quicker to say so you'll find it in more common use in the Spanish world.
'Nuestro' - "Our"
So we have been looking at how to say "my" and "your":
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| No encontré nada más en tu casa | I didn't find anything else in your house |
... but when it comes to "Our" ... well that's nuestro. Yes a word that ends in 'o' which means it will change to 'a' for feminine things and we'll add an 's' on the end if those things are plural (like "houses" instead of "house".
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| ¿Visitaste a nuestra casa? | Did you visit our house |
| Estamos con nuestras amigas | We are with our friends (female group) |
| Estoy con mis amigos | I am with my friends (mixed group) |
'Su' - "theirs"
So to finish off the complete set we have "my", "your", "our" ... we just need "their" becuase in Spanish this is also used for "his" and "hers" - 'su'.
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Quiero ir a su casa | I want to go to his house |
| Quiero ir a su casa | I want to go to their house |
| Quiero ir a sus casas | I want to go to their houses |
| Quiero ir a sus casas | I want to go to his houses |
When we talk about our things then in English we can say it two ways - "My house" or "My own house". We have exactly the same thing going on in Spanish where "own" is 'propio - yes, you've guessed it, it ends in 'o' so it need to change to 'a' for female things and have an 's' added when those things are plural.
The idea of "property" sounds similar to 'propio' and is a useful hook to remember it by.
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| Mi propia casa | My own house |
| Mi propio auto | My own car |
| Querio vivir en mi propia casa | I want to live in my own house |
| Lo vi con mis propios ojos | I saw it with my own eyes |