The exact ways you say 'This', 'That', 'These' and 'Those' in Polish depends on the case, gender and number (singular/plural) of the noun.
The following table is from Adam Ĺukasiak's Clozemaster site. I'm just putting a copy here in case something happens to that site!
You might want to give Clozemaster a whirl. The basic version is free and a great way to practice your Polish.
And if you would like to know more about "This", "That", "These", "Those" because you're a bit of a Grammar fan the correct search term for Google is "Polish Demonstrative Pronouns".
Table explanation is below